Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

Conserving soil and water in agriculture is becoming more and more important for the sustainability of agriculture and the environment. By employing innovative and sustainable techniques such as contour farming, no-till or reduced tillage, mulching, cover crops, crop rotation, residue burning alternatives, crop residue management, water harvesting, organic soil amendments, etc., this chapter seeks to highlight in-situ soil and water conservation practices in agriculture and ensure a bright future for food production and the environment. In particular, the chapter will conclude that using these in-situ conservation techniques enhances water availability, fosters agricultural resilience, and maintains soil health.

To improve retention of soil moisture essential for production, support long-term agricultural sustainability and the fight against land degradation, field-based moisture conservation techniques are vital. The chapter also looks at the growing use of geospatial approaches in monitoring soil conditions, which are vital for enhancing in-situ conservation efforts since they provide information on nutrient content and moisture levels. The best places for water harvesting techniques, including check dams and percolation tanks, which collect and hold precipitation to increase water availability and diminish soil erosion, may also be found using geospatial tools. Farmers may support sustainable agriculture and save their land for future generations by concentrating on resource management and the local ecology. In order to ensure long-term agricultural productivity and environmental health, the chapter will also conclude by synthesizing these in-situ soil and water conservation strategies. These strategies not only support sustainable agricultural practices, but also build resilience against climate variability.